The number of women with postmenopausal bleeding who were diagnosed with endometrial cancer varied around the globe. Overall, the analysis showed that, consistent with what had been seen in earlier studies, 90% of women diagnosed with endometrial cancer had experienced postmenopausal bleeding. They also examined whether factors such as use of hormone replacement therapy affect the prevalence of endometrial cancer. The researchers estimated the overall prevalence of endometrial cancer among women with postmenopausal bleeding across all the studies combined and within different regions of the world. Data for the studies-which were conducted in Europe, North America, and Asia-were collected between 19. Clarke and Nicolas Wentzensen, M.D., Ph.D., performed a meta-analysis of 129 studies, which included more than 40,000 women. To get a comprehensive picture of the relationship between endometrial cancer and postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, researchers led by DCEG’s Dr. “For the majority of women, it's a benign problem, but there are simple things that can be done to rule out endometrial cancer.” Examining Endometrial Cancer Worldwide “If you have bleeding after menopause, you should call your doctor and let them know,” said Dr. While vaginal bleeding has been known to be a symptom of endometrial cancer, this large study confirms the practice of referring women for further testing, explained Christina Chu, M.D., of Fox Chase Cancer Center, who was not involved with the research. Typically, postmenopausal women who experience bleeding are referred for further testing to either rule out or diagnose endometrial cancer. "With endometrial cancer it's quite different, and gives us an opportunity to intervene" and improve the odds of long-term survival, she added. In most cancers, by the time a person develops symptoms, their disease is usually advanced and harder to treat, explained Megan Clarke, Ph.D., of NCI’s Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), who led the analysis. By contrast, for women diagnosed after their cancer has spread outside the uterus, the chance of surviving for at least 5 years is much lower, ranging from 16–45%. If endometrial cancer is found early, a woman has a 95% chance of surviving the cancer for at least 5 years. This rise is thought to be largely due to factors that affect hormones, such as rising obesity rates and changes in how many children women are likely to have.
Unlike many other cancer types, the rate of endometrial cancer has increased in recent years and is expected to continue rising worldwide over the coming decade. Approximately 9% of postmenopausal women who saw a doctor for bleeding later received a diagnosis of endometrial cancer. In the largest analysis to date looking at the extent to which vaginal bleeding is associated with endometrial cancer in women who have gone through menopause, 90% of women diagnosed with endometrial cancer reported bleeding before their cancer diagnosis.
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